Essay on Period 3 Test - 7186 Words

Period 3 (1754-1800): Multiple Choice Exam Questions 1-4 refer to the following image: Advertisement, Charleston, South Carolina, 1780s 1. Which of the following BEST reflects the perspective of the above image? a. Slaves represent a public health threat. b. The importation of slaves is a legitimate enterprise. c. The importation of slaves needs to be halted d. Smallpox was a continuous danger to Charleston 2. During the 1780s, which of the following was the most widespread crop cultivated by slaves in North America? a. Wheat b. Sugar c. Tobacco d. Cotton 3. Following the American Revolution, many Founding Fathers believed which of the following? a. Slavery would gradually disappear in the United States. b. The freeing of slaves†¦show more content†¦For who are a free people? Not those over whom government is reasonably and equitably exercised but those who live under a government, so constitutionally checked and controlled, that proper provision is made against its being otherwise exercised. The late act is founded on the destruction of constitutional security.†¦ In short, if they have a right to levy a tax of one penny upon us, they have a right to levy a million upon us. For where does that right stop?...To use the words of Mr. Locke, ‘What property have we in that, which another may, by rights take, when he pleases, to himself?’†¦We are therefore—I speak it with grief—I speak with indignation—we are slaves.† John Dickinson, Letter from a Farmer, 1768 John Dickinson, Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania to the Inhabitants of the British Colonies (New York: The Outlook Company, 1903), 75–78. 9. The passage above was written in response to a. calls for a stronger central government. b. British efforts to tax the colonies. c. debates over the issue of slavery. d. the perceived corruption of the British government. 10. Which of the following historical developments most directly precipitated the conditions leading to the argument in the passage above? a. The growth of the Atlantic economy during the 18th century b. The spread of French revolutionary ideas throughout Europe c. The large British debt incurred from the Seven Years’ War d. The indifference of the British government to colonialShow MoreRelatedSubject Consent Forms1108 Words   |  5 PagesForm, the boys shall be over 3 years of age and under 12 years of age (11 years and 364 days old is ok.). The girls shall be over 3 years of age and under 11 years of age (10 years and 364 days old is ok.). They shall be diagnosed with growth hormone deficiency by the physician and be consistent with the slow growth defined in this plan. 2. The concentrations of growth hormone in the blood shall be below 10 ng / ml. It is determined by the two growth hormone challenge tests that, if your child has previouslyRead MoreGraduation Speech : Senior High School1207 Words   |  5 PagesSenior high school Senior high school spans grades 10 through 12, age from 15 through 18 in 3 years study. The main goal of students is to score highly on the national university entrance exams at the end of their third year. Schedule from 7:30 am through 5 pm. Majority students often go to cram school till 9 or 10 PM for extra classes. Subjects are including Literature, Mathematics, English, Science Technology, Chemistry, Physics Earth Sciences, and Technology, Social Studies, Home EconomicsRead MoreECON1320 CML1324 Words   |  6 Pages82 other. Test at the 2.5% level of significance whether changes have occurred during the 1-year period. 1. State the critical value for the test. 2. Find the value of the test statistic (to 3 dec pl). 3. Can we conclude that the proportions have changed during the year? (yes/no) OBSERVED EXPECTED (o-e)^2/e 97 115.42 2.939667 86 74.824 1.66929 73 63.68 1.364045 60 46.168 4.144087 82 97.908 2.584717 398 chi square value 12.70181 Critical value = 12.8 Test value = 12Read MoreOutline Of A New Plastic Product1176 Words   |  5 Pageson a period by period basis using the simulation tool. Milestones Start Date End Date Period 1: Locate and define market of the product and stake holder analysis. 8/25/2015 11/3/2015 Period 2: Product needs developed into technical specs, and concepts are built 11/4/2015 12/11/2015 Period 3: : Pre-Production Specifications released 12/14/2015 1/20/2016 Period 4: Design Approved. 1/21/2016 2/9/2016 Period 5: Evaluate the design specifications and build final Functional Model. 2/10/2016 3/9/2016Read MoreForecasting Is A Planning Tool1355 Words   |  6 Pagesa selected number of past periods of data. Since short-term planning is the goal for which we are using this technique, it only makes sense to use the most recent periods of data. More recent data will reveal the current conditions of the market. The moving average changes each time a new period of data is added to the mix. The average of the recent test scores is an 85, the average of the last test scores was an 87. A professor can forecast the average for the next test to be an 86 [(85 + 87)/2 =Read MoreSummary and Critique of Johnson and Newport 19891600 Words   |  7 Pages After Lennebergs (1967) advanced analyses and interpretation of critical period in regards to first language acquisition, many researchers began to relate and study age issue in second language acquisition. In this area of study, Johnson and Newpor t (1989) is among the most prominent and leading studies which tries to seek evidence to test the Critical Period Hypothesis (CPH) in second language (L2) acquisition. This study aims to find identifying answers to the question of age-related effectsRead MoreInvestigating the Effect of Lipase Concentration on the Breakdown of Fat in Milk1614 Words   |  7 Pagesthe substrates and quicker breakdown of lipids in the milk within shorter period of time. At enzyme concentration of 1% or 2%, reactions can happen at a relatively slower pace, with lipids broken down and phenolphthalein turning from pink to white over a relatively longer time period. At 3%, enzyme activity will speed up with lipids broken down and phenolphthalein turning from pink to white over a relatively shorter time period. At 4% or 5%, enzyme activity will happen significantly faster. APPARATUS:Read MoreComparison Between Marks And Spencer And Burberry Plc1566 Words   |  7 PagesContents 1.0 Introduction 3 1.1 Background information 3 1.1.1 Burberry 3 1.1.2 Marks Spencer (MS) 3 2.0 Ratios 3 2.1 Burberry plc. ratios for the years ended 31 March 3 2.2 Marks Spencer plc. for the years ended 31 March 4 3.0 Analysis 5 3.1 Profitability Ratios 5 3.1.1 Return on Shareholders’ funds (ROSF) 5 3.1.2 Return on Capital Employed 5 3.1.3 Gross Profit Margin 5 3.1.4 Operating Profit Margin 5 3.2 Liquidity Ratios 6 3.2.1 Current Ratio 6 3.2.2 Inventory Turnover Period 6 3.2.3 Trade ReceivablesRead MoreDocx949 Words   |  4 PagesHCMC Department of English IE2 READING WRITING 1. Course Statistics : 120 periods (8 credits) Number of instruction weeks : 10 Number of sessions : 30 Number of sessions per week :3 Number of periods per session 2. Pre-requisite Number of periods :4 Students who achieved IE1 course score 50 or scored from 35-60 on the Placement Test are required to take this course. 3. Learning outcome Students who have successfully completed the course are expectedRead MoreA Research Study On Nhs Pendulum Lab1429 Words   |  6 PagesYoussef Elseifi Mr. Dickson Honors Integrated Science 1 Row 2 Period 4 10/3/16 NHS Pendulum Lab Our objective in this science project was to make a pendulum ride for Northwood High School that could be securely utilized by students. We needed to make a ride, with a time of precisely 1.5 seconds, which will give a ride that is not too quick, not too slow, but just right (Northwood Land Article 1). The ride couldn t be higher than 75 cm, it couldn t make an angle more prominent than 45 degrees

The Study of Honor in the Renaissance Period - 1442 Words

The study of honor in Renaissance cities presents an intriguing paradox. On the one hand, honor seemed ‘more dear than life itself’, and provided one of the essential values that shaped the daily lives of urban elites and ordinary city folk. For wealthy merchants and aspiring artisans, honor established a code of accepted conduct against which an individual’s actions were measured by his or her peers, subordinates and social superiors. Possessing honor helped to locate a person in the social hierarchy and endowed one with a sense of personal worth. The culture of honor, which originated with the medieval aristocracy, directed the everyday activities of urban-dwellers of virtually all social groups from at least the fourteenth century on.†¦show more content†¦The wide array of ritual behaviors in word and deed reveals both the creativity of those who had different lines of access to honor resources, as well as the conditionality of the code of honor itself . Rituals marked important sites for the creation of gender identity. Ritual activities provided the stage settings for women and men to carry out socially appropriate behaviors marking key points along the moving edge of their life course. In the process, rituals posited a set of gender expectations that were complicated by the realities of everyday life, for ritual practices embodying definitions of masculinity and femininity were alive to other variables such as age, class, personal circumstances, or changing political relationships. Men and women constructed both each other’s honor and gender identity by means of a complicated ‘network of oppositions and dependencies’. Shows a view of gender constructs alongside the practical relationships and tasks that bound men and women together. Three types of ritual activity inflected the relationship between gender and honor in different ways and involved different sets of participants. Honor was gendered in rites of passage rooted in kinship, specifically nuptial rites – events that helped anchor a family’s reputation in theShow MoreRelatedAmbition and Death - the Story of the Renaissance in Macbeth1189 Words   |  5 PagesAmbition and death - the story of the Renaissance in Macbeth In the tragic drama Macbeth, written by William Shakespeare in 1606 during the English Renaissance, the hero, Macbeth, constantly declines in his level of morality until his death at the end of the play. Because of his change of character from good to evil, Macbeth s attitude towards other characters, specifically Duncan, Banquo, Lady Macbeth, and the witches, is significantly affected. In a larger sense, the theme of bad versus goodRead MoreGuido Ruggieros the Boundaries of Eros: Sex Crime and Sexuality in Renaissance Venice1551 Words   |  7 Pagesact never existed. But as we can see in Ruggieros The Boundaries of Eros: Sex Crime and Sexuality in Renaissance Venice, historical facts beg to differ. By using criminal records, he takes us into a world that, although it is many centuries long ago, is much like todays society in their way of committing sexual crimes and sexual behavior. In my opinion, Ruggiero does not set out to make a vast study as to the reason why they behaved thi s way. For that type of analysis, I suggest one should read DrRead MoreComparison of Renaissance and Middle Ages1174 Words   |  5 PagesComparisons of middle Ages and renaissance Introduction Middle Ages were the most devastated and dark periods that Europeans had ever experienced. These periods were worse after one another. These episodes Europeans had lack of fortunes, educations, had worse economies and unfair rulers who were corrupted and neglected their responsibilities to their people. People were suffering by unrecognizable diseases, unchangeable seasons and unsolvable conflicts. People were also not optimisticRead MoreRenaissance Art : The Renaissance And The Renaissance852 Words   |  4 PagesThe Renaissance, better known as the â€Å"rebirth â€Å"period helped bring life back to culture and the arts. It was a movement that began in Florence, Italy, but eventually spread throughout Europe. It stemmed from a very dark period in history. Prior to the Renaissance, Europe experienced the Medieval Times, or Dark Ages, a time of war famine, and disease. There were many causes of the Renaissance such as â€Å"The Black Death† and the new idea that social cl ass does not dictate your wealth. The RenaissanceRead MoreBiography Of Benvenuto Cellini ( 1500 )996 Words   |  4 Pagesprestige, and honor. He takes part in necromancy, fighting, war, and a wide array of various undertakings. The question is, throughout all of Benvenuto Cellini’s accomplishments, did he possess the knowledge and skills to be considered a real Renaissance Man of his time period? A â€Å"Renaissance Man† is a term describing a man whose proficiency spans a number of different skill sets. As the term implies, it is most commonly used to define great achievers of the Renaissance time period in Western EuropeRead MoreArt Appreciation : Sandro Botticelli1393 Words   |  6 Pageshis apprentice. Even though being an apprentice seemed like a small task at the time, many believe that Botticelli was much more fortunate than other artists because he was able to obtain a much higher education compared to other artists of the Renaissance (Botticelli Biography, n.d.). Because of his apprenticeship, Botticelli inherited much from Lippo artistically, and, thus, was able to work independently and open his own workshop at only fifteen years old (Sandro Botticelli Biography | artbleRead Mor eThe Renaissance Was A Creative Period974 Words   |  4 Pages The Renaissance was a creative period. â€Å"First called the rinascimento, Italian for ‘rebirth’ the period came to be known by its French name, the Renaissance.† This period can also be defined as the rebirth of classical learning, literature, and art. During this Renaissance artists branched away from the restraint of Byzantine Art. Early in the Renaissance, Florence was not part of the unified country of Italy. Italy was divided into different states such as Florence, Milan, Venice, etc. FlorenceRead MoreThe Renaissance in Europe1418 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Renaissance†, which is French for â€Å"rebirth†, perfectly describes the rebirth of art and learning that occurred in Europe between the 1400s and 1600s. During the era known as the Renaissance, Europe underwent a cultural movement in which people regained interest in the ancient cultures of Greece and Rome. A renewed int erest in philosophy and human individuality lead to the development of more worldly and nonreligious focuses. Europe sought knowledge from the ancient world and moved out of the DarkRead MoreThe Developmental Impact of Scholasticism Essay examples1391 Words   |  6 Pagesthat reason and religious studies don’t blend well since religious studies should be based on faith and not reason. It is important to note that the majority of scholars, philosophers and thinkers were theologians ecclesiastically employed, and that the educational institutions available were under the control of the Church. With a new focus on rational thinking came a new perspective in which to look at the world. Obtaining knowledge from direct observation and study of the natural was no longerRead MoreDid Ladies Have A Renaissance Like The Men?1650 Words   |  7 PagesAges in Europe, came the period known as the Renaissance. Renaissance implies resurrection, and it implied the resurrection of antiquated Greek and Roman society for the exclusive class living essentially in Italy around 1350-1650, and incidentally in England in the late sixteenth century, and hardly in France and Northern Europe. Well known from these years were numerous artisans like Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci, and scholars like Machiavelli and Erasmus. Renaissance researchers believe that

Twelve-Step Program to Escaping Dantes Hell free essay sample

A comparison of the hell described in Dantes `The Inferno` to the twelve-step program required by an alcoholic to pass by AA. Dantes The Inferno paints an incredibly vivid picture of what Hell is like. The journey Dante undertakes in order to progress pass his lost stage and escape Hell can be likened to the 12-Step Program a recovering alcoholic must complete in order to finally escape from the clutches of drinking to excess. This paper explores Dantes journey through the perspective of this 12-Step Program. By going through each step, one can witness the introspective and emotional self-examination Dante goes through, with a little help from his support group, in order to get out of Hell. `The first step that every recovering alcoholic must take involves the process of admitting his or her problem. Alcoholics must acknowledge that they are helpless when battling their addiction and they must admit that this addiction to drink has wreaked havoc on their lives to the point where they have lost control (Alcoholic Anonymous, 1955, 59). We will write a custom essay sample on Twelve-Step Program to Escaping Dantes Hell or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Dantes predicament is no different to that of an alcoholic struggling to regain control over his or her life. At the beginning of the poem, Dante is portrayed as having gotten lost on the path of life and trying to get back on the right path. Using imagery, Dante recalls that in the middle of his life, he [finds] himself lost in a dark forest, having lost the right path while half asleep. `

Stand Your Ground free essay sample

This paper reflects on how literature can sometimes give you a closer glimpse into history than a textbook; the correlation between the trial of Tim Robinson in the book â€Å"To Kill A Mockingbird† and various trials throughout history that have led to convictions without physical evidence, that were based solely on lies through eyewitness testimony; how Anglo-Saxons felt about discrimination; how African-Americans felt about discrimination; how statistics show clear evidence of racial disparity in death row convictions that have now been overturned due to DNA evidence that was not available when they were arrested; and how different mediums, i. . news, magazines, books, movies, etc†¦ can shed light on discrimination not only on a historical basis, but through current events. In conclusion this paper will prove that in the 1900’s it didn’t matter who lied on you, if you were black you were a criminal, and if you were white you were right. We will write a custom essay sample on Stand Your Ground or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It will also shed light on how the tides have slowly changed over the years leading to honest discussions about racisms role in our judicial system. Key Words: Racism, Discrimination, Justice, History, White, Black, Convictions, Literature, Disparity, Trials, Evidence, DNA, Lies, Change If we don’t study history we are doomed to repeat it. Reading is a fun way to learn about history because you get involved in the most intimate details of the characters lives. There have been several really good books that address racial tensions and how we have progressed as a nation. A prime example of this is the book, â€Å"To Kill A Mockingbird† regarding the trial of Tim Robinson. Most convictions in the 1900’s were based on lies with very little and sometimes no evidence. If a white person said a black person committed a crime, everyone assumed they were telling the truth. Unfortunately not much has changed over the years, as evidenced by George Zimmerman vs. Trayvon Martin, the Central Park Five, and even situations like Sheriff Joe Arpaio, who continuously violates the Civil Rights Act creating laws targeting minorities, and encouraging a â€Å"posse† mentality. Racism is not just a piece of history that we have learned from and changed our ways. One look at the percentage of wrongful convictions on death row is all we need to convince us of that. It would be nice to live in a world where we only read non-fiction stories about the struggles of discrimination. We have come a long way, but we must continue to learn and evolve so that as a society we do not continue down this path of hatred and intolerance. In the book â€Å"To Kill A Mockingbird†, we are taken on a journey of disbelief as we watch Tim Robinson fight for his life because it’s just assumed that any African-American would rape any white woman, given the chance. During this trial we get to see two very different perspectives. Mayella and her father tell the story everyone expects to hear, with the town backing them up every step of the way, describing Tim as the town’s nightmare and painting him as a wicked beast acting out of animalistic lust. Tim simply tells the story no one wants to hear, otherwise known as the truth. This story shines a mirror towards the townspeople who don’t want to face the fact that they are acting out of their own hatred towards black people in general, relying on stereotypes as facts to justify the oppression of an entire race of people who they feel are inferior. While this is a fictional depiction of reality, the fact remains that during this time period Anglo-Saxons had a generalized view of discrimination feeling that they were justified based on their superiority. This perspective was passed down through the generations and ran rampid, not only in society but in the armed services and even the white house. In 1901 Teddy Roosevelt invited Booker T Washington to the White House for a private dinner, prompting citizens to accuse him of committing a crime against society, over a simple dinner. Roosevelt allowed public opinion to sway his decisions and Washington was never invited back. Black people were prevented from voting, amongst other basic American rights and were lynched by mobs on a regular basis. According to David Pietrusza, author of â€Å"1920 The Year of Six Presidents â€Å", between 1882 and 1968 (3,446) blacks were lynched nationwide, mostly in Southern jails where law enforcement did nothing to interfere. One victim, accused of â€Å"trying to vote† was lynched and three of his companions were burned to death. During this time period Segregation was considered normal. The â€Å"Jim Crow† laws were a series of rigid anti-black laws that ensured African-Americans knew their role in society. According to Dr. David Pilgrim, Professor of Sociology at Ferris State University, Christian ministers and theologians taught that whites were the â€Å"chosen† people and blacks were cursed to be servants. Politicians gave eloquent speeches on the dangers of integration; media writers used racial slurs when referring to blacks. Even children’s games portrayed them as inferior beings. Black people were taught to internalize their feelings and were controlled through the intimidation of wrongful convictions and death sentences issued on a regular basis. These infractions could be as small as a black man lighting the cigarette of a white woman. Until the Civil Rights Movement, black people in general tolerated the Jim Crow laws as a means of survival. Fast forward and we see that that although society as a whole began not to support racism and discrimination, they had a long way to go. While the trial of Tim Robinson in â€Å"To Kill A Mockingbird† shined a light on the moral conflicts involved in discrimination, it clearly did not cure the disease of racism. Take the Scottsboro Boys as an example. Nine black teenage boys were accused of assault by several white teenage boys who had been hoboing on a freight train. The sheriff deputized a posse, stopped and searched the train, arrested these nine teens, then found two white girls to accuse them of rape. The common sentence for the rape of a white woman in Alabama was death at this time, but the case was appealed and seven of the eight convictions were overturned. One of the women eventually admitted to making up the story and confessed that none of the Scottsboro Boys had touched either of the two women. Although there was no evidence to tie them to this crime, the case had to be tried three times and all three times a guilty verdict was returned by an all-white jury with the exception of the last trial which had one black jury member. These teens were defended by many in the North, attacked by many in the South, and eventually led to the end of all white juries. Much like Tim Robinson, they had been arrested based on a lie and even though there was no evidence to support their conviction, societies views on whites as superior beings allowed these juries to feel comforted in their decision to rule based on lies, not facts. Discrimination continues to run rampid, driven by fear and ignorance. In 1989 four black teens and one Hispanic teen were accused of raping a female jogger in New York City’s Central Park. She was raped and almost beaten to death, but she recovered with no memory of the attack or the events leading up to the assault which left her with severe hypothermia, blood loss from multiple lacerations, internal bleeding, and a fractured skull. Her left eye had to be removed from the socket due to the severity of the beating. In a move which the police department would ultimately regret, and contrary to the normal police procedure stating that the names of suspects under the age of sixteen are to be withheld, the names of these juveniles were released before any of them had a chance to be formally arraigned or indicted. The convictions were overturned in 2002 when a convicted rapist and murderer, already serving a life sentence for other crimes, confessed to committing this one as well leading to exoneration after DNA evidence confirmed his story. This case sparked an outrage and a mistrust of police in general in the black community. These teens had been intimidated, lied to, and coerced into making false confessions after being held for hours without access to their parents or an attorney. While their so-called confessions were videotaped, the hours preceding these confessions were not. No evidence tied them to the crime, and the myth that when a white woman is raped officers are trained to round up the first black teens they see was exposed. In 2003 two of these accused teens, now grown men, sued the city for malicious prosecution, racial discrimination, and emotional distress. Just recently a self-proclaimed â€Å"neighborhood watch† man used the â€Å"Stand Your Ground† law to absolve himself of any guilt in the killing of Trayvon Martin, a young teen whose only crime was walking home from the corner store with an iced tea and a pack of skittles in his pocket. In 2012 Zimmerman approached this seventeen year old black male while on the phone with 9-1-1 operators who told him to wait for police and stop following him. A fight ensued and shots rang out. Anxious neighbors, unfamiliar with violence in their gated community, called 9-1-1 to report what they described as a disturbance. The haunting screams of the young man could be heard on the recorded sessions just before shots rang out ending his young life. Zimmerman, who was only questioned for a short period of time, stated that he was in fear for his life, hiding behind Florida’s â€Å"Stand Your Ground† law, at which point the officers released him. Media reports, citizen outrage, and allegations of the racist motivation for both the shooting and what most considered police misconduct led to the eventual arrest of Mr. Zimmerman. Fear of retaliation from the community led to a Special Prosecutor being appointed to take over the investigation, so that a third party could make a fair and impartial assessment of the events that took place that night. Although this case is still pending, most are convinced of his guilt due to the media uncovering several instances of racism leading up to the tragic ending of Mr. Martin’s young life. While many people feel that these instances of racism are rare, The â€Å"Innocence Project† has uncovered several death row cases that have led to exoneration, after DNA testing that was unavailable at the time of their conviction proved their innocence. The most common reasons for these wrongful convictions were: eyewitness misidentification, invalidated or improper use of forensic science, false confessions, government misconduct, confidential informants, and bad lawyering. In a nutshell, those who cannot afford to defend themselves properly are at risk for being wrongly convicted due to false allegations. In Florida alone there have been thirteen overturned convictions on death row, with an average time spent in jail being 13. years, with some sitting in prison as long as twenty-three years based on eye-witness misidentification. There have been 305 post-conviction DNA exonerations Nationwide with a disproportional amount of African-Americans falsely accused. According to statistics 190 African-Americans, 87 Caucasians, 21 Latinos, 2 Asian Americans, and 5 whose races were unknown have DNA evidence to thank for their freedom. This is not only a problem in Southern States, as these cases have been found in 36 states including, New York, Florida, Texas, California, and Washington State. Over 25% of the wrongful convictions were based on false statements that were coerced by police due to: real or perceived intimidation by law enforcement; use of force during the interrogation; distress caused by exhaustion, stress, hunger, substance use, mental illness, or limited education; devious interrogation techniques, such as untrue statements about supposedly incriminating evidence; or simple fear on the part of the suspect that if they don’t confess they will receive a harsher penalty. While society as a whole has come a long way with regards to racial profiling, instances still exist. President Obama’s Administration is currently investigating an Arizona County Sheriff Joe Arpaio for allegedly encouraging his officers to make unlawful stops with his controversial SB-1070 law which allows for racial profiling of suspects. His officers have been accused of using excessive force against minorities and the Justice Department has accused him of failing to adequately protect citizens of Maricopa County. Arpaio first made headlines when he accused our first African-American President Barack Obama of presenting a forged birth certificate, citing that he was not eligible to be the President of the United States. This controversial investigation sparked a national debate and led to a resurgence of organized discrimination, prevalent not only in society, but slowly creeping into the political sectors as evidenced through some of the Tea Party rallies. Movie makers are calling attention to this plight with movies like â€Å"Django Unchained† depicting a black slave who is freed and becomes partners with a bounty hunter who eventually helps him overtake a cruel plantation owner so that he can rescue and reclaim his wife who was abused then sold by his former owners. Movie goers have shown strong support of directors willing to shed light on this chilling point in history by spending $416 million in movie theatres world-wide. Movies like â€Å"Lincoln† depict a President struggling with many inside his own cabinet on the decision to emancipate slaves. Author Saundra D. Westervelt, an assistant professor of sociology at the University of North Carolina chronicles these miscarriages of justice in the book â€Å"Wrongly Convicted: Perspectives on Failed Justices (Critical Issues in Crime and Society)†. She discusses the fact that eyewitness accounts are typically wrong, police trick suspects into making confessions through fear tactics, informants lie to gain benefits, sometimes the police officers are just incompetent and do not do a thorough job while investigating, and shines light on the fact that those who are unpopular, uneducated, or are members of a racial minority invite harsher treatment by the authorities for just being themselves. In short convictions in the 1900’s were strongly influenced by discrimination, which has been proven through history and reflected in the literature we read today. In the past, it didn’t matter who lied about you, if you were a person of color then systematically you were considered guilty. Instead of allowing people to hide behind laws like, â€Å"Stand Your Ground†; we as a society should rise up and stand our ground against those in society who still feel that convicting based on the color of one’s skin is a valid reason for prosecution. If you were to ask me if I thought discrimination played a huge role in history, or if I felt that we were at risk of repeating our mistakes, I’d say the proof is in the pudding. References: